88/03/31

R. W. Holder, "How Not To Say What You Mean: A Dictionary of Euphemisms (3rd Edition)"

We often use euphemisms when dealing with taboo or sensitive subjects. We speak of "full-figured" women. We "fudge" on our income tax. We get "cold feet" before our wedding. In

How Not to Say What You Mean, R.W. Holder offers an engaging volume that celebrates this human tendency to use mild, vague, or roundabout expressions rather than those which are blunt, precise, and true. Arranged in alphabetical order, this dictionary contains thousands of entertaining and informative entries ranging from such circumlocutions as a "fruit salad" (mixture of illegal narcotics), "arm candy" (a good-looking female companion), a "barrel-house" (a brothel), "birthday suit" (nakedness), and a "blue hair" (an old women).

RapidShare.com
depositfiles.com
Easy-Share.com
Uploading.com

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

John Ayto, "The Oxford Dictionary of Slang"

Slang is language with its sleeves rolled up, colorful, pointed, brash, bristling with humor and sometimes with hostility. Here, John Ayto has brought together over 10,000 slang words and phrases common to 20th-century English, to provide a comprehensive and highly engaging guide to the most outspoken corner of our language.

Unlike most such dictionaries, this volume is organized thematically, with slang words gathered under such headings as "the body and its functions" or "sustenance and intoxication." Within each section, the words are listed chronologically, starting with the century's earliest words and phrases and progressing right through to the present day, thus illuminating the development of slang and colloquial language over the last hundred years.

Word origins and other interesting features of usage are given wherever possible, as are illustrative quotations from a wide range of authors.

A comprehensive A-Z index lists all words included in the dictionary, so you can find a particular word quickly. From "five-finger discount" to "forty-rod whiskey," this is an authoritative and up-to-date record of slang throughout the English-speaking world.

Amazon.com Review
If your other reference books aren't funky enough for you, get a nickel bag of unorthodoxy with the Oxford Dictionary of Slang. This comprehensive look at informal English from around the world and across the centuries is organized thesaurus-style into sections for easy browsing by category. Look up underground terminology for drugs and sex and you'll be browsing for a month of Sundays. Of course, if you need to get the skinny on a particular term but have no idea what it could mean, there's an alphabetical index that'll take you right where you need to go.

Each word or phrase is thoroughly documented, as you'd expect from an Oxford dictionary; its first print sighting, place of use, meanings, and cross-contextual references are included, as well as illuminating usage quotes. The Dictionary is easy to use and the definitions are concise—you can get the information you need quickly with time left to linger over related terms. More than 10,000 entries yield plenty of insight into commonly used but still-not-quite-kosher parts of our language. When your New Zealander buddy refers to someone as a cow-spanker, you won't have to wonder for long just who you're dealing with (don't worry, she's a dairy farmer); The Oxford Dictionary of Slang will give you the moxie to deal with a discombobulated world.

From Library Journal
The 10,000 slang terms defined here originated mainly in the United States, Britain, Australia, or New Zealand and include both old and new coinages. The dictionary's arrangement is topical in thesaurus fashion, e.g., informal synonyms for police officers—"bull," "cozzpot," "dick," "fuzz," "peeler," "pig," and "walloper"—are conveniently grouped under "The Police" in a large category called "People and Society." Users can also access any entry in the book via an A-to-Z index.

Ayto, coauthor with John Simpson of The Oxford Dictionary of Modern Slang (Oxford Univ., 1992), candidly warns, "Do not expect to find every single piece of English slang here." Among the missing are such choice recent neologisms as "lotion boy" and "suck [or sucking] face." Still, this work will be a useful addition to most collections as a complement to the Lewins' Thesaurus of Slang (LJ 8/94) and the indispensable Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang (LJ 11/15/97).

RapidShare.com
depositfiles.com
Easy-Share.com
Uploading.com

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

Eugene Ehrlich, "The Harper Dictionary of Foreign Terms (3rd Edition)" Posted By : tired | Date : 2

A shelfful of reference books in one volume

From the well known (plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose) to the not so familiar (amor de niño, agua en cestillo), The Harper Dictionary of Foreign Terms defines more than 15,000 foreign words and phrases, from more than fifty languages, that have entered into English. Drawing on art, music, literature, cooking, philosophy, diplomacy, fashion, law, and countless other subjects, and on languages from ancient Greek to modern Russian and from Arabic to Zulu, here are phrases and words that have found a place in our own language or visit us from time to time. With its full English index, the dictionary is equally useful for teachers, students, travelers, diplomats, and secretaries. Le mot juste for the right person.

Originally compiled by C. O. Sylvester Mawson, a lexicographer and an editor of Roget's International Thesaurus, The Harper Dictionary of Foreign Terms has been updated and expanded by Eugene Ehrlich, chief editor of The Oxford American Dictionary and the author of many books on language, including Amo, Amas, Amat, and More.

Tags: EnglishExpressions, WritingReference

RapidShare.com
depositfiles.com
Easy-Share.com
Uploading.com

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

Answers to ALL TOEFL Essay Questions

ETS publishes its official list of TOEFL essay topics on its website. All essays assigned on the actual TOEFL test come from this list.
This book contains 400 sample essays with scores of 6.0. Each essay was written based on one of the topics from the ETS official list. The book covers 100% of these topics. Each ETS TOEFL writing topic has at least one sample answer in this book.

Students who take the Computer-Based Test of English as a Foreign Language must also compose a written essay that counts towards part of their structure score. This book contains a total of 400 sample TOEFL essays, offering an intensive preparation for this part of the test.

Uploading

Qube

Depositfiles

Filefactory

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت

88/03/31

How to Learn Any Language

The following four basic priciples of the ground-breaking but simple system in H0w To Learn Any Language are hailed by language-teaching professionals everywhere: The Multiple Track Attack, Hidden Moments, The Harry Lorayne Magic Memory System and Plunge In. In How To Learn Any Language you'll discover how to make this system work for you.

Download :

Rapidshare

Uploading

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

The Language of Poetry (Intertext Series

John Mcrae, "The Language of Poetry (Intertext Series)"
Publisher: Routledge | 1998-03-20 | ISBN 0415169283 | 156 | 408 pages | 1.8 MB

The Language of Poetry: * develops the student's ability to read and evaluate poetic texts of many kinds * includes activities, commentaries and extentions to each extract * covers a variety of poetic language, ranging from songs, advertisements and spoken language to the more traditional forms of the sonnet, ode, free verse * includes poetry from Philip Larkin, Maya Angelou, Dylan Thomas and Tony Harrison

Uploading.com

Depositfiles.com

Megaupload.com

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

Bill Jensen - The Simplicity Survival Handbook: 32 Ways To Do Less And Accomplish More

Bill Jensen - The Simplicity Survival Handbook: 32 Ways To Do Less And Accomplish More
Basic Books | 2003 | ISBN: 0738209120 | Pages: 320 | PDF | 14.68 MB

In the Simplicity Survival Handbook: 32 Ways To Do Less and Accomplish More, Bill Jensen, author of the best-selling Simplicity, offers step-by-step techniques to running your business more successfully and getting more accomplished in a shorter amount of time. In today's extremely fast-paced world, Jensen's user-friendly-and often hilarious-survival guide is an indispensable guide to workplace survival.

In a world of more-better-faster, the challenges and stresses in the workplace have never been greater. The new rules seem to be too much to do and not enough time. Time is at a premium and the pace is always increasing. And in an economy where worker talent (things like know-how, energy, attention, commitment, and creativity) is at a premium, everyone is trying to maximize personal productivity.

In The Simplicity Survival Handbook, Jensen offers the antidote you're seeking: a practical guide to doing less in a world of more. He also demonstrates how to make your time count. A few of the daily struggles that Jensen addresses include how to:

* Deal with Bosses Who Don't Get It
* Delete 75% of Your Emails
* Clarify Your Goals More Quickly
* Decide: Stay or Go

From "How to Write Shorter Emails for Better Results" to "How to Use Your Mentor to Help You Do Less," Jensen offers proven strategies for communicating more effectively, setting priorities, and balancing the competing demands on your time, while avoiding the time-sinkers. He also takes on corporate foolishness, walking you through how to be more productive and take greater control of your workday and, by extension, your life. The Simplicity Survival Handbook is an indispensable tool for anyone struggling to succeed in today's take-no-prisoners business climate.

DOWNLOAD

Mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

Eugene H. Ehrlich - The Highly Selective Dictionary For The Extraordinarily Literate

Eugene H. Ehrlich - The Highly Selective Dictionary For The Extraordinarily Literate
Collins | 1997 | ISBN: 0062701908, 0062700162 | Pages: 224 | PDF | 5.21 MB

Between TV talk shows, radio call-in programs, email and the Internet, spontaneous-talk media has skyrocketed in the '90s. People are interacting more frequently and more fervently than ever before, turning the English language into an indecipherable mess. Now, this unique and concise compendium presents the most confused and misused words in the language today -- words misused by careless speakers and writers everywhere.It defines, discerns and distinguishes the finer points of sense and meaning. Was it fortuitous or only fortunate? Are you trying to remember, or more fully recollect? Is he uninterested or disinterested? Is it healthful or healthy, regretful or regrettable, notorious or infamous? The answers to these and many more fascinating etymological questions can be found within the pages of this invaluable (or is it valuable?) reference.

In The Highly Selective Dictionary for the Extraordinarily Literate, Eugene Ehrlich pulls no punches about his intent. This book and its companion, The Highly Selective Thesaurus for the Extraordinarily Literate, are prescriptive rather than descriptive, dedicated to recording language as it should be rather than how it often is. In the preface, Ehrlich announces that he means his book to be an "antidote" to the "effects wrought by the forces of linguistic darkness"--meaning, of course, all lexicographers more permissive than he is. That said, Ehrlich's conservative approach handily disposes of many thorny usage problems. The entry for "effectual," for example, distinguishes between "effective" and "effectual" in a concise and utterly persuasive way: "...a law that is effective--operative, in effect--becomes effectual--answers its purpose--only when the law is enforced."

This is not your ordinary dictionary; Ehrlich thinks that defining everyday words with commonly accepted meanings is a massive waste of time. Instead, he concentrates on unusual words or those that present interesting problems. The result is a fascinating dictionary that can be read cover to cover, like a book; do so and your vocabulary may never be the same again.

DOWNLOAD

Mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 14 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

A Dictionary of Catch Phrases

Reader's review:
Summary: Useful for advanced learners of English as a 2nd language
Typical Partridge : many translations of filmscripts into Spanish, TV soaps, etc, would have been better if they had consulted this one. Americans might find treatment of US catch phrases, or even their definition, irritating, as the basic point of view is British, albeit open-minded.

Uploading

Qube

Depositfiles

Megaupload

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 14 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/31

Idioms for Everyday Use

Milada Broukal, "Idioms for Everyday Use"
McGraw-Hill ESL/ELT | 2001 | ISBN: 0071105794 | 112 pages | PDF | 32,7 MB

Over 230 commonly used idioms are introduced in reading selections, dialogues, and activities. Their presentation helps learners incorporate common expressions into their everyday speech. Appealing illustrations keep students engaged as they explore idioms related to topics such as colors, geography, food, and time.
Reader's review:
The Best Idiom Book I've Used
I tutor privately and have been teaching ESL for more than 10 years. I've tried other idiom books but have given up on them because their definitions, examples, and exercises are off the mark and/or more confusing than the idioms themselves. Ms. Broukal has done an outstanding job of presenting idioms in easily understood terms with simple but clear example paragraphs and sentences. The supporting exercises are excellent. I use the book with all of my students, and I've given it as a gift to several of my non-native-English-speaking friends. I highly recommend this book.

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 14 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

English for Work: Everyday Technical English plus CD

Everyday Technical English is for students at intermediate level and can be used for self study or in class .
The book develops spoken language skills by presenting and practising vocabulary and expressions that are useful in everyday working life . It offers essential language in realsitic contexts , useful notes to explain important points , a variety of exercise with answers and a glossary section with room for the student to put in translations in their own language .
A separate audio CD contains recordings of useful phrases and dialogues .

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 21 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

Professional English: English for Business (with CD

Josephine O'Brien, "Professional English: English for Business (with CD)"
Heinle ELT; 1 edition (May 21, 2007) | ISBN-10: 141302050X | 112 Pages | PDF, mp3 | 112,9 MB

Professional English is a five-volume integrated skills English for Specific Purposes series designed for intermediate-level pre-work and working students. English for Business provides students with the language and life skills necessary to pursue business-related career goals. Through language practice based in real-world situations, this integrated skills approach builds confidence and motivates students towards successful careers.

Depositfiles

mirror

Part 1

Part 2

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 21 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

The Oxford Dictionary of New Words

Elizabeth Knowles, Julia Elliott, "The Oxford Dictionary of New Words"
Oxford University Press, USA | 1997 | ISBN: 0198631529 | 368 pages | PDF | 1,2 MB

Amazon.com Review
The image of the linguist as a stodgy old stick-in-the-mud, circling misplaced commas and mumbling in dead tongues, is just not true--at least not entirely. Any linguist worth her salt knows that languages change and keeps up with those changes. To make that task easier, the folks at Oxford University Press have put out a dictionary of more than 2,500 new words and phrases that have been popularized since the late 1980s. Editors Elizabeth Knowles and Julia Elliott provide definitions, usage notes, and etymologies for jelly shoes, road rage, and hot-desking, not to mention tree-hugger, feminazi, McJob, get a life, and not! The English language is alive and kicking, and Oxford has its finger on the semantic pulse.

Review
"The extensive use of citations makes this collection of neologisms fun to peruse."--William Safire, New York Times Magazine

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 21 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms

The Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms explains over 7,000 idioms current in British, American and Australian English, helping learners to understand them and use them with confidence.

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 21 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

Encyclopedia of the Essay

T. Chevalier, "Encyclopedia of the Essay"
Routledge; 1 edition (November 1, 1997) | ISBN-10: 1884964303 | 1024 Pages | PDF | 11,2 MB

This is the first encyclopedia devoted entirely to the essay in all its many forms, from Locke's "Essay Concerning Human Understanding" and Pope's "Essay on Man" in verse to more conventional essays by figures such as Montaigne and Thoreau. International in scope, the work focuses on the last few centuries, since that is when the essay emerged as a literary form. There are entries for genres such as "travel essays," for various national traditions, important periodicals, "especially significant single essays," and individual essayists. The entries are well written and insightful, and include extensive bibliographies; the entries for individuals also include succinct biographical sketches. Most of the contributors are academics with impressive credentials. The volume's general editor, Chevalier, earlier edited the excellent Contemporary Poets (St. James, 1991. 5th ed.) and Twentieth Century Children's Writers (St. James, 1989. 3rd ed.). This is an excellent scholarly book that belongs in any library that supports belles-lettres.?Peter A. Dollard, Alma Coll. Lib., Mt. Pleasant, Mich.

Depositfiles

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 21 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

The wizard of Oz جادوگر از

The wizard of Oz
Paperback: 56 pages | Publisher: Oxford Univ Pr | 2006 | Language: English | PDF | 17MB

Dorothy lives in Kansas, USA, but one day a cyclone blows her and her house to a strange country called Oz. There, Dorothy makes friends with the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Cowardly Lion. But she wants to go home to Kansas. Only one person can help her, and that is the country's famous Wizard. So Dorothy and her friends take the yellow brick road to the Emerald City, to find the Wizard of Oz...

ULD (For US, DE, ES, UK, FR, RU, UA, IT, CA, NL, AT, CZ, GR, PL)
RS

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

Cries from the Heart

Cries from the Heart
Paperback: 100 | Publisher: Oxford University Press | 2007 | Language: English | PDF | 14MB

From Botswana to New Zealand, from Jamaica to Nigeria, from Uganda to Malaysia, from India to South Africa, these moving stories show us that the human heart is the same in every place. Children, wives, mothers, husbands, friends all have the same feelings of fear and pain, happiness and sadness. These eight stories were winning entries in the 2004 Commonwealth Short Story Competition. The writers are Sefi Atta, Adrienne M. Frater, Lauri Kubuitsile, Erica N. Robinson, Jackee Budesta Batanda, Janet Tay Hui Ching, Anuradha Muralidharan, and Tod Collins.

ULD (For US, DE, ES, UK, FR, RU, UA, IT, CA, NL, AT, CZ, GR, PL)
RS

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

Witches of Pendle

Witches are dangerous. They can kill you with a look, or a word. They can send their friend the Devil after you in the shape of a dog or a cat. They can make a clay picture of you, then break it ...and a few weeks later you are dead. Today, of course, most people don't believe in witches. But in 1612 everybody was afraid of them. Young Jennet Device in Lancashire knew a lot about them because she lived with the Witches of Pendle. They were her family ...

ULD (For US, DE, ES, UK, FR, RU, UA, IT, CA, NL, AT, CZ, GR, PL)
Part1
part2
RS
part1
part2

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

Writing Up Your University Assignments and Research Projects

Neil Murray, Geraldine Hughes, "Writing Up Your University Assignments and Research Projects"
Open University Press | 2008 | ISBN: 033522718X | 256 pages | PDF | 1,6 MB

What is good academic writing?
How should I present my written work?
How can I improve my written work?
Academic writing can be a daunting prospect for new undergraduates and postgraduates alike, regardless of whether they are home or overseas students. This accessible book provides them/students with all they need to know to produce excellent written work.

Based on their many years of experience, the authors have structured the book so as to build students’ confidence in their own writing ability whilst at the same time respecting conventional ideas of what is, and what is not, acceptable in the academic domain. To reinforce student learning, the material is presented using a wealth of clear examples, hands-on tasks with answers, and logical sequences that build on earlier chapters. The first two sections of the book address the preparation and writing of assignments and research projects, while the third provides a useful toolkit containing reference materials on areas including punctuation, grammar and academic terminology.

The book includes numerous tips and insights and comprehensively covers issues such as:
Reading around a new topic
The need for coherence and how to achieve it
Structure and organisation
Plagiarism, quoting and citing sources
The main sections of a typical research project
Writing style
Finding your own voice
Examiner expectations

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

The Linguistics Student's Handbook

The Linguistics Student's Handbook
Publisher: Edinburgh University | Pages: 408 | ISBN 0748627588 | PDF | 1 MB

The book that tells you all the things you felt you were expected to know about linguistics, but were afraid to ask about. *What do you know about Burushaski and Miwok? *What's the difference between paradigmatic and syntagmatic? *What is E-language? *What is a language? *Do parenthetical and non-restrictive mean the same thing? *How do you write a bibiliographic entry for a work you have not seen? Every student who has asked these questions needs this book. A compendium of useful things for linguistics students to know, from the IPA chart to the Saussurean dichotomies, this book will be the constant companion of anyone undertaking studies of linguistics. Part reference work, part revision guide, and with tables providing summary information on some 280 languages, the book provides a new learning tool as a supplement to the usual textbooks and glossaries.

DOWNLOAD

MIRROR 1

mirror 2

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

April McMahon - Lexical Phonology and the History of English

April McMahon - Lexical Phonology and the History of English
Cambridge University Press | 2000 | ISBN: 0521472806 | Pages: 322 | PDF | 1.05 MB

This book analyzes some differences among English, Scottish and American accents of English, and shows how they developed and why they have their current form. Although the revised version of lexical phonology presented here is intended to describe present-day patterns, it can also show how historical sound changes gave rise to these patterns.

This book has two main goals: the re-establishment of a rule-based phonology as a viable alternative to current non-derivational models, and the rehabilitation of historical evidence as a focus of phonological theory. Although lexical phonology includes several constraints, such as the Derived Environment Condition and Structure Preservation, intended to reduce abstractness, previous versions have not typically exploited these fully. The model of lexical phonology presented here imposes the Derived Environment Condition strictly; introduces a new constraint on the shape of underlying representations; excludes underspecification; and suggests an integration of lexical phonology with articulatory phonology. Together, these innovations ensure a substantially more concrete phonology. The constrained model is tested against a number of well-known processes of English, Scottish and American accents, including the Vowel Shift Rule, the Scottish Vowel Length Rule, and [r]-insertion, and draws interesting distinctions between what is derivable by rule and what is not.

DOWNLOAD

Mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/29

زمان ترجمه

چه زماني براي ترجمه اثري خارجي مناسب است. آيا آثار خارجي را بلافاصله پس از انتشار بايد به زبان هاي ديگر ترجمه کرد؟ آيا هر اثري را در هر زماني مي توان ترجمه کرد؟ آيا ميزان استقبال خوانندگان از اثر ترجمه شده در هر زماني يکسان است؟ آيا نبايد پيش از ترجمه و انتشار اثر خارجي ذهن خوانندگان و به طور کلي مخاطبان براي پذيرش آن اثر آماده شده باشد؟ مسير طبيعي کار چگونه است؟ آيا بايد اثر را ترجمه کرد و سپس درباره آن حرف زد و عيب و حسن آن را برشمرد يا برعکس؟ و سرانجام اينکه آنچه تاکنون در اين مقوله روي داده چگونه بوده است، به عبارت ديگر جوامع گوناگون در کدام مسير رفته اند؟

انگيزه نگارش مقاله

کامران فاني مصاحبه يي دارد با عنوان «بازانديشي در تاريخ نگاري فلسفه در ايران» که در ضميمه روزنامه اعتماد (26/2/1388) چاپ شده است. فاني بسيار کم نويس است و به همين علت شنيدن گفته هاي او و خواندن مصاحبه هايش فرصت مناسبي است تا از نکته هايي آگاه شويم که در جاي ديگر کمتر مي توان به آن دست يافت و فقط در ذهني وجود دارد که آرام و بي دغدغه براي دل خودش و لذت بردن از آگاهي مطالعه کرده نه براي نمايش معلومات. فاني در اين مصاحبه نماي کلي ترجمه آثار فلسفي به زبان فارسي را به دست مي دهد. قرار دادن تصوير مسير ترجمه آثار فلسفي به فارسي در يک قاب سبب مي شود خواننده بتواند تمام شبکه را در يک لحظه انگار از چشم پرنده يي از آسمان تماشا کند.

اما انگيزه نوشتن اين مقاله نکته يي است که فاني چند بار در اين مصاحبه به آن اشاره و بسيار بر آن تاکيد مي کند. فاني ترجمه آثار فلسفي به فارسي را به دو دوره اصلي (دوره اسلامي و معاصر) و يک پيش دوره (زمان ساسانيان) تقسيم مي کند و فعاليت ها و آثار ترجمه شده در هر دوره را موجز و گيرا شرح مي دهد. مسير ترجمه آثار فلسفي را از افلاطون تا فوکو و دريدا برمي رسد و به ترجمه هاي مهم و تاثيرگذاري که در اين دوره ها انجام گرفته، اشاره مي کند. اما نکته مهمي که او جابه جا بر آن تاکيد مي ورزد دير ترجمه شدن آثار مهم فلسفي است. مي گويد ما همواره به ترجمه آثاري درباره آثار مهم فلسفي پرداخته ايم و همت ترجمه اصل اثر را نداشته ايم. به نظر من اين ايراد درست نمي نمايد.

موارد اشاره

مواردي که فاني در اين مصاحبه به موضوع تاخير در ترجمه متون فلسفي اشاره مي کند عبارتند از؛ «ما به جاي اينکه بيشتر درباره فلسفه صحبت کنيم بايد خود فلسفه را بشناسيم و براي اينکه با خود فلسفه غرب آشنا شويم بايد مستقيماً با متون خود متفکران غربي و فلاسفه غربي آشنا شويم. در اوايل کتاب هايي که ترجمه مي کرديم درباره فيلسوفان بود. آثار خود فيلسوفان خيلي کم ترجمه مي شد و اگر هم مي شد انگشت شمار بود.»... «بهترين مثال هگل است. هگل را ما از طريق کتاب «فلسفه هگل» استيس به طور جدي شناختيم. اين کتاب کتابي بود درباره هگل يعني خود هگل نبود. آن زمان از خود هگل چيزي ترجمه نشده بود، بعد از آن سنت ترجمه هگل در ايران باب شد. در دوره جديدتر، دوره يي که در آن هستيم متوجه شديم همان طور که در دوره اول ما خود آثار ارسطو و افلاطون را ترجمه مي کرديم در اينجا بايد خود آثار دکارت، هگل و نيچه را ترجمه کنيم و در کنار آن کتاب هايي را که درباره اين فلاسفه يا فلسفه آنها موجود است براي کمک به فهم بيشتر انديشه يک فيلسوف ترجمه يا تاليف کرده و در دست داشته باشيم.» سپس در بحث از ترجمه آثار فلسفي پست مدرن مي گويد؛ «اگر بخواهيم به اين مساله به عنوان يک اهميت بنگريم بايد توجه کنيم دقيقاً بعدها در ترجمه آثار پست مدرن اين اهميت به يک معضل و مشکل بدل مي شود.»

و در جاي ديگر «بايد متوني را بخوانيد که خود اين فيلسوف ها نوشته اند يعني در جايي بايد ببينيد خود آن فرد چه گفته است، بدون واسطه و بدون اينکه کسي به ما بگويد. مثل اين مي ماند که اشعار حافظ را کسي براي ما تعريف کند، اين خيلي فرق مي کند که خود شخص اشعار حافظ را مطالعه کند و با اشعار مانوس شود.» در بحث از ارسطو مي گويد؛ «اگر ارسطو را با نگاه جديدمان ببينيم خيلي دير توسط دکتر شرف از يوناني به فارسي ترجمه شد.»

... «هنوز بسياري از آثار ارسطو به فارسي ترجمه نشده است» و در جاي ديگر «بسيار دير کانت به فارسي ترجمه شد.»... «به هگل نيز بسيار دير پرداخته شد.» در مورد شوپنهاور نيز مي گويد فقط «حدود 150 صفحه از آن به فارسي ترجمه شده که به نظر من شرم آور است.» درباره هايدگر مي گويد؛ «فيلسوف مطرح در ايران که هيچ اثر مهمش را تا يک سال پيش ترجمه نکرده بوديم و فقط راجع به هايدگر حرف زده بوديم.» در بحث از آثار فلسفي پست مدرن مي گويد؛ «گذشت آن زماني که صبر کنيم اول راجع به آنها بنويسيم. باز هم غفلت مي کنيم يعني مي بينيم باز 20 سال گذشته تفاسير در ذهن ها جا افتاده بدون اينکه خود اثر بگويد چه مي خواهم بگويم و اين مشکلي است که از 150 سال پيش داشته ايم و آن تجربه اول را که بايد اول ارسطو را ترجمه کنيم بعد در مورد او کتاب بنويسيم هنوز اجرا نمي کنيم.»

با اينکه نظر فاني درباره ترجمه کردن اصل آثار و مراجعه به سخن نويسنده کاملاً درست است، رد مرحله سخن گفتن درباره اثري پيش از ترجمه آن به هيچ وجه درست نيست. مرور تاريخ ترجمه در جهان و در ايران نشان مي دهد تقريباً تمام ترجمه ها زماني انجام شده اند که قبلاً جسته و گريخته درباره آنها حرفي زده شده است. اصولاً اين بسيار طبيعي مي نمايد که انسان ابتدا به دنبال چيزي باشد و بعد سراغ آن برود و آن را به دست بياورد. ترجمه آثار خارجي اعم از فلسفي و ادبي و... ناگهان صورت نمي گيرد. نمونه هايي که در زير به آن اشاره مي کنم نشان دهنده اين نظر است.

اثر معروف پروست، «در جست وجوي زمان از دست رفته»، همين چند سال پيش به قلم مهدي سحابي ترجمه شد، اما گمان مي کنم من اولين اطلاعاتم را درباره اين اثر در شماره هاي مجله سخن در زمان سردبيري دکتر خانلري به دست آوردم. اين موضوع دقيقاً درباره «اوليس» جيمز جويس، به ترجمه منوچهر بديعي، نيز صادق است. روشنفکران پيشکسوت ايراني سال ها قبل از ترجمه شدن اين اثر به فارسي با آن آشنا بوده و در مجلات ادبي قبل از انقلاب (سخن، نگين، صدف و فردوسي) درباره آن حرف زده اند. کسي جرات رفتن به طرف ترجمه اين آثار سنگين و پيچيده را نداشت، اما جماعت ادبي ايران بسيار مشتاق بود از چند و چون آنها سر دربياورد و به همين علت هر حرف و حديثي در اين باب را با علاقه دنبال مي کرد و زبان دانان آن زمان- کساني که بخت آن را داشتند که آب را از سرچشمه بنوشند- نيز اين خيل مشتاق را از داشته هاي خود بي نصيب نمي گذاشتند.

حکايت «هزار و يک شب» کهن نيز چنين است. اروپا قرن ها پيش از آنکه اين اثر در اوايل قرن هجدهم به قلم ژان فرانسوا گالان به زبان فرانسه ترجمه شود از آن خبر داشت و اينجا و آنجا در مقالات و تاريخ هايي که درباره ادبيات هندي و عرب نوشته مي شد از آن سخن رفته بود.

«مثنوي» مولانا اول بار حدود سال 1930 به قلم نيکلسن به انگليسي ترجمه شد. به طور قطع مي توان گفت مدت ها قبل از اين تاريخ اين اثر نزد ادبا و شرق شناسان اروپا مطرح بوده و آن را مي شناخته اند. همين وضع، به احتمال قوي، در مورد خيام و ترجمه يي که ادوارد فيتز جرالد در سال 1859 به انگليسي از اشعار او عرضه کرد، صادق است. درست است که او خيام را به اروپاييان معرفي کرد، اما بعيد است او يگانه کاشف خيام در اروپا بوده باشد.

در مورد کتاب هاي مقدس نيز وضع چنين است. پيروان اديان گوناگون قرن ها قبل از ترجمه کتاب هاي مقدس به زبان خودشان با آنها آشنا بوده و از محتويات آنها آگاهي داشته اند. تنها در قرن چهارم ميلادي بود که سنت جروم کتاب مقدس را از يوناني و عبري به زبان لاتين ترجمه کرد و 12 قرن نيز بعد از آن تاريخ گذشت تا لوتر بتواند آن ترجمه بحث انگيزش را از لاتيني به آلماني عرف کند. اين موضوع در مورد قرآن خودمان نيز صدق مي کند.

آثار ارسطو نيز 15 قرن طول کشيد تا در قرن دوازدهم ميلادي در اروپا از يوناني به لاتين ترجمه شد. آيا مي توان تصور کرد در اين مدت فيلسوفاني چون زنون، سيسرون و فلوطين و همچنين بزرگاني در سطوح پايين تر از ارسطو و نظريات او سخن نگفته باشند؟

کار فروغي در «سير حکمت در اروپا» نيز مويد همين نظر است. شايد فروغي مي توانست به جاي حرف زدن درباره فلاسفه اروپا اثر يکي از آنها را انتخاب و به فارسي ترجمه کند. اما او به اين نتيجه رسيده بود که آکادمي ايراني ابتدا بايد تصويري کلي از جريان فلسفه در اروپا پيش رو داشته باشد تا آنگاه بتواند به اقتضاي زمان و نياز از ميان آنها يکي را براي ترجمه برگزيند.

نمونه هاي زيادي مي توان در اين زمينه آورد. صرف نظر از اينکه راه درست کدام است اين اتفاقي است که در عمل رخ داده است. وانگهي به نظر مي رسد همين چيزي که اتفاق افتاده، درست باشد. بسيار طبيعي است درباره پديده يي حرف بزنيم و سپس سراغ اصل آن برويم. سال ها بود که ما اينجا و آنجا درباره هايدگر مي خوانديم و مي شنيديم تا اينکه «هستي و زمان» او پس از 30 سال مشغول بودن ذهن جمادي به آن، به فارسي ترجمه شد. اين موضوع حتي در مورد فيلم هاي سينمايي نيز صادق است. پيش از آنکه فيلم ها به دست ما برسد اطلاعات زيادي درباره آن کسب کرده ايم. ساختار اطلاعاتي کنوني جهان چنين امري را ايجاب مي کند.

البته نظر فاني درست است که مي گويند تا ابد نبايد درباره يک اثر حرف زد بلکه بايد سراغ خود آن اثر رفت و مستقيم با آن برخورد کرد و از محتواي آن دقيق مطلع شد. ايشان به درستي معتقدند تا زماني که با خود اثر روبه رو نشديم، نمي توانيم درباره محتواي آن نظر قطعي بدهيم و چه بسا چيزي که از طريق ميانجي و دست دوم به ما مي رسد تحريف شده باشد. اما به چند نکته در اين زمينه بايد اشاره شود؛ اول اينکه اخباري که از اثر به ما مي رسد و سخناني که درباره آن گفته يا نوشته مي شود از يک کانال نيست. در اين موارد معمولاً افرادي با نظرگاه هاي متفاوت حرف مي زنند و در نتيجه احتمال تحريف زياد نيست.

دوم، وقتي سخنان گوناگوني درباره يک اثر گفته مي شود، شنونده و خواننده براي پي بردن به اصل ماجرا مشتاق تر مي شود، و در نتيجه هنگامي که اثر ترجمه مي شود شور و شوق زيادتري براي خواندن آن دارد. سوم، شنيدن آراي گوناگون درباره اثري که هنوز به ترجمه درنيامده، به ويژه اگر اثر مشکل و پيچيده باشد، فهم و درک آن را پس از ترجمه آسان تر مي کند. شنيدن اين نوع آراي گوناگون درباره اثري حکم خواندن نوعي شرح درباره آن اثر را دارد، همان گونه که خود فاني در نمونه يي درخشان به آن اشاره مي کند. ايشان در باب مفيد بودن نوشته شدن شرح در باب اثر مي نويسند؛ «ابن سينا مي گويد 40 بار ترجمه عربي «متافيزيک» ارسطو را خوانده و آن را نفهميده است تا اينکه تفسير فارابي از آن را خوانده و متوجه شده است.» (همان مصاحبه) چهارم، و سرانجام اينکه، همان طور که قبلاً اشاره شد اين اتفاقي است که عملاً پيش آمده و مانند هر اتفاق اينچنيني ديگري، احتمالاً حکمتي در آن بوده است، به خصوص اينکه اين روند منحصر به جامعه ما نبوده و حرکتي جهاني بوده است. فاني ضمن اشاره به ترجمه نشدن يا دير ترجمه شدن آثار فلسفي به فارسي، درباره شوپنهاور مي نويسد؛ «فقط حدود 150 صفحه از آن به فارسي ترجمه شده که به نظر من شرم آور است.» مسلماً بهتر است آثار ارزشمند خارجي هرچه زودتر به زبان هاي ديگر ترجمه شوند و همگان از آن برخوردار باشند، اما ترجمه شناسان معتقدند انتخاب آثار خارجي براي ترجمه بدون حساب و کتاب نيست، ضرورت هاي اجتماعي، اقتصادي و فرهنگي جوامع است که تعيين کننده اين امر است. اينکه غربي ها ابتدا خيام و سپس سعدي يا حافظ، يا برعکس، را براي ترجمه انتخاب کردند، يا اينکه ما ابتدا به مارکس توجه کرديم تا به کانت به نيازهايي در درون اين دو جامعه و فرهنگ بازمي گردد و مسلماً، تصادفي نبوده است.

منبع: روزنامه ی اعتماد

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

A to Z of Screenplay Translation دکتر علیرضا عامری

عنوان مقاله : درآمدی بر چند و چون ترجمه فیلنامه

مؤلف: علیرضا عامری

چکیده:

سینما زیباست، از آکشن تا فیکشن ؛ و فیلمنامه رکن آن است. فیلمنامه سرآمد ادبیات سینمایی است و ترجمه آن در روزگار ما یک اضطرار. ترجمه فیلمنامه را به دلیل جهانگردی سینما انتخاب کردم. درست است که روند تاریخ، سینما را متولد کرد اما اکنون سینما خود خالق بسیاری از روند هاست. دیگر، بسیاری از وقایع ، تابع و تالی سینما و داستان مایه های آن است. این خلیفه خلف شعر در عصر نو، شتابناک ترین پدیده تمدن و گاه حتی نماد شوکت یک ملت است. از سوی دیگر، ترجمه، میان بر دترسی به تجدد است و مترجم، معتمد ملت که اینک در عصر گفت و گوی تمدن ها، از منزلت ویژه ای نیر برخوردار شده است . هیچ زبانی به دنگالی انگلیسی نیست و این پهنه فراخی و از دست رستگی، ترجمه را دشوار و دشوارتر می سازد و ترجمه فیلم را دشوارترین. ترجمه فیلم، برگردان گفت و گو ها و توضیح نماها و هدایتگری های فیلمبرداری و کارگردانی مندرج در فیلمنامه است..

این مقال، به مسائل ترجمه فیلمنامه می پردازد. نگارنده با تکیه بر تجربه این ژانرترجمه در نیم دهه گذشته و تحلیل تطبیقی زیرنویس ها و دوبله های فیلم های عرضه شده در جشنواره ها و تلویزون، به شرح یک چند نکته در باب چندوچون ترجمه های سینمایی پرداخته است. در این سیاهه، به همسانی ها و ناهمسانی های بین دو زبان در سطح ساختار و واژگان و پراگماتیک، انتقال منفی و مثبت میان زبانی، افتراقات فرهنگی، برگردان پرکننده ها (فیلرها) ، انتخاب لهجه معیار، طول عبارات ، انتخاب برابر نهاد، لحن ، برگردان بصری، آشنایی مترجم با ترمینولوژی و تاریخچه و انواع سینمایی و زیبایی شناسی، ویژگی های مترجم فیلمنامه، ویژگیهای ترجمه فیلم، برگردان عنوان فیلم، و غیره به تفضیل اشاره شده است.

نیت این مقاله ، کندو کاو در سخت و ساده ترجمه فیلمنامه است و آشنایی موشکافانه با این گونه تخصصی ترجمه برای کسانی که این راه پرتعهد را انتخاب می کنند. بر استادان است که با شناخت ذائقه و ضمیر دانشجویان، گرایش باطنی ایشان را سمت و سو دهند. نومترجمان نیز می توانند با خواندن آثار سینمایی، شرکت در جشنواره ها و دیدن فیلم های خارجی و ایرانی و تحلیل زیرنویس ، و مقابله تحلیلی فیلمنامه ها با برگردان های آنها، این غریزه خود را خواهنده تر کنند. ترجمه فیلمنامه ، خود، فیلمنامه نویسی اران را پروار می می کند و نویسنده امید دارد که با تخصصی شدن مترجمان ، آشوب ترجمه در این دیار آرام بگیرد. سطرهای پیش رو تنها معرف جاده اند، جاده ای که رهروانش را صدا زده است بادا که شما نیز در آن گام بزنید.

Title : An A to Z of Screenplay Translation

Written by:Ali Reza Ameri

Abstract

Cinema is beautiful, from action to fiction, and screenplay is much central to it. Screenplay stands out in cinematic literature and translating it is a contemporary exigency. Film script is a right place for language learners to acquire the exact application of vocabulary. Words take on meanings in the light of the movie’s visuality that resurrect in the labyrinth of the shots and scenes.

Translation, on the other hand, is a mélange of technique, art, and taste and a shortcut to modernism. And cinema as the legitimate successor of poetry in modern era, is the swiftest phenomenon of civilization and sometimes the token of glory of a nation.

Cinema is not language: it is expression. So translating it is a grand effort.

Screenplay translation means finding equivalents for dialogs, scene descriptions, and cinematographic

directives prompting the actors, directors, photographers and script girls.

This article discusses the commonalities and differences available in the source and target language with respect to culture, lexicon, pragmatics and discourse, and syntax, etc.

The ambition of this article was a simple scrutiny of the delicacies of screenplay translation and a conscious look at it as a specialized genre of translation for those who choose this least-trodden path. It falls to professors to direct the students’ intrinsic tendencies in accordance with their dispositional interests. Novice translators through reading cinematic works, attending film festivals, and watching different Iranian and foreign movies and at the same time perusing subtitles and conducting contrastive analyses of the original filmscripts and their translations, can calm their translation, can calm their inquisitive instinct. By no means does this humble work claim to be perfect or immaculate, and any critical comment is dear to me.

Download A to Z of Screenplay Translation-2007

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 20 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

CAE New Edition Practice Tests Plus (Book with key + Audio

CAE Practice Tests Plus New Edition is a revised set of tests for the December 2008 exam

- SIX new practice tests in exam format

- Audio CDs for students to practise listening at home

- Full colour visual material for paper 5 and sample OMR answer sheets allowing students to become familiar with real exam conditions

- Annotated answer key analysing correct and incorrect answers, and completed

DOWNLOAD

BOOK
---original file (PDF in RAR, 68 MB)
http://www.zshare.net/download/60372216ca5b8e1d/
or
http://dl2.s29.ifile.it/cfwqzysb/ctpne.rar
or
http://rapidshare.com/files/236416593/book.rar

---reduced file (PDF in RAR, 22.8 MB) by englishcology
http://rapidshare.com/files/236296127/NE-13.rar

AUDIO (MP3 in RAR, 75 MB - 2 CDs / 75 MB)
http://dl1.s24.ifile.it/0k8bfozu/cnpt.rar
or
http://dl1.s24.ifile.it/xip2vnlr/cnpt.rar
or
http://rapidshare.com/files/236399736/audio.rar

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 11 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

Going for Gold

Going for Gold sets students firmly on the road to PET and FCE exam success with a gentle introduction to exam tasks graded throughout the course.

Your lessons will appeal to a wide range of students, with enjoyable topics and strong emphasis on personalisation
Reassure your students with thorough language and skills training, regular progress checks as well as solid grammar and writing reference sections
Keep your classes focused and enjoyable with the photocopiable activities, teaching notes, tests and exam information boxes in the Teacher’s Book

For extensive PET courses, use the Intermediate Coursebook alongside the PET Gold Exam Maximiser. At pre-FCE level, Upper Intermediate is the perfect lead-in to New First Certificate Gold.

GOING for GOLD: UPPER-INTERMEDIATE

Coursebook CDs + cd cover/tracklist

DOWNLOAD
CD 1 (113 MB rared, 155 MB unrared)
http://www.megaupload.com/?d=8KGS5GJK

CD 2 (94 MB rared, 129 MB unrared)
http://www.megaupload.com/?d=E1HZ3CUU

TRACKLIST & CDs COVER
http://www.megaupload.com/?d=QQML3N0X

Аuthors: Sally Burgess, Richard Acklam, Araminta Crace
published by: Pearson Longman
CD 1 (113 MB rared, 155 MB unrared); CD 2 (94 MB rared, 129 MB unrared)
MP3 - 320 kbps, 44 kHz

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 11 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

Cracking the TOEFL iBT 2009 Edition

Original Version

Book ( PDF, 165 MB in RAR, 2 parts

Part 1 (PDF, 95.3 MB in RAR

http://rapidshare.com/files/245631098/TOEFL_iBT_Book.part1.rar

http://ifile.it/l68meih

Part 2 (PDF, 69.4 MB in RAR

http://rapidshare.com/files/245617554/TOEFL_iBT_Book.part2.rar

http://ifile.it/0x9ha4y

CD (WMA, 59.8 MB in RAR

http://rapidshare.com/files/245205886/TOEFL_iBT_CD.rar

Reduced Version

Book (PDF, 35.9 MB in RAR

http://rapidshare.com/files/245637327/TOEFL_iBT_Reduced_Book.rar

http://ifile.it/45vs6at

CD (OGG, 24.3 MB in RAR

http://rapidshare.com/files/245189449/Reduced_TOEFL_iBT_CD.rar

http://ifile.it/m9j027v

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 11 | لینک ثابت

88/03/28

Focus on IELTS Foundation

Author: Sue O'Connell, Margaret Matthews, Katy Salisbury.
Publisher: Longman
File size: Book: 53.4 MB, SB: 51.2 MB, TB: 26.8 MB, CD1: 45.2 MB, CD2: 44.2 MB, CD3: 44.3 MB
File type: PDF, WMA

A complete and integrated pre-IELTS course that provides skills development and graded practice. The course raises awareness of and provides step-by step training in the language and skills needed to tackle a full IELTS course confidently, and aim for a high exam score.

This book includes Interesting texts and material keep students motivated, Key structures and Quick check boxes highlight useful grammar points, DIY Learning strategies and projects encourage out-of-class study to speed-up progress, Key Language Practice Bank provides additional support and practice in grammar and vocabulary – ideal for mixed level classes and self-study, Writing Practice Bank gives practice in basic writing skills, guided tasks and model answers.

Skill book helps students develop the skills required for the IELTS exam and give your motivated students lots of extra exam practice. The ideal companion to Focus on IELTS Foundation.

Teacher’s Book provides lead-in ideas, detailed teaching notes, answers and tapescripts.
Class CDs: CD1, CD2 (skill book), CD3 (book).

DOWNLOAD

Book

http://rapidshare.com/files/177203277/IELTS_foundation_Book.rar

Skill Book

http://rapidshare.com/files/177581902/IF_Skill_book_.rar

Teacher’s book

http://rapidshare.com/files/177207539/IELTS_foundation__TB.rar

CD1

http://rapidshare.com/files/177214536/_IELTS_foundation_CD1.rar

CD2

http://rapidshare.com/files/177220597/IELTS_foundation_CD2.rar

CD3

http://rapidshare.com/files/177226812/IELTS_foundation_CD3.rar

Book

http://ifile.it/cxpn0a4

Skill Book

http://ifile.it/oh93ilc

Teacher’s book

http://ifile.it/j4yt392

CD1

http://ifile.it/n53lgzx

CD2

http://ifile.it/c4si1or

CD3

http://ifile.it/5ryvxh4

Audio (in MP3 Format

CD01.part1.rar
CD01.part2.rar
CD02.part1.rar
CD02.part2.rar

CD03.part1.rar
CD03.part2.rar

All-in-one

Focus on IELTS Foundation

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت

88/03/28

Cambridge - STEP UP TO IELTS Teacher's Book 2004

This course covers essential exam skills and language for IELTS in approximately sixty hours’ teaching time, and familiarises students quickly with the exam. The course covers both the Academic and General Training modules It provides students with invaluable advice on how to maximise their band score in the exam. Shorter, achievable exam-type tasks build students’ exam skills, before students try the more challenging tasks at authentic test level. The test practice sections at the end of each unit together constitute a whole sample IELTS test. The ‘With answers’ edition contains a full answer key and information on the exam, making it ideal for students preparing independently. For students with more time, the pocket-sized Personal Study Book provides extra vocabulary, grammar and writing practice. The Self-study Pack contains the Self-study Student's Book and Audio CDs (2).

Contents
1. Take a break;
2. What’s on the menu?;
3. On the road;
4. All at sea;
5. Come rain or shine;
6. Value for money;
7. Ignorance is bliss;
8. Fit as a fiddle;
9. The driving force;
10. The silver screen;
11. The written word;
12. Down to earth;
13. Safe as houses;
14. On the face of it;
15. Mother tongue;
16. As far as I can see

Book
Book (full scan with demo pages - 46.2 Mb)
http://rapidshare.com/files/6375660/CamSIELTB4.rar

Optimized to minimum size (10.1 Mb):
http://www.zshare.net/download/castieteb-rar.html
Audio
mp3 56 kbps

СD 1 (17,8 Мб)
http://www.zshare.net/download/a-rar-a14.html
CD 2 (25,5 Мб)
http://www.zshare.net/download/b-rar-5cc.html

or
http://rapidshare.com/files/19694105/StUpAudio-CD1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/19691604/StUpAudio-CD2.rar

Password for all archives (RAR): englishtips.org

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

IELTS Practice Tests Plus

Author: Clare McDowall, Vanessa Jakeman
Published by: Longman
File size: 8 + 35 Mb
Pages: 179
File type: pdf, mp3 80 KBs

IELTS Practice Tests Plus

The Practice Tests Plus series provides sets of complete tests and guidance at exam level and in exam format for the Cambridge ESOL exams.

- Each book introduces students to exam formats and provides step-by-step guidance
- Useful tips are included to maximise their chances of excelling

download

Book

Audio
IELTSPTPCassettes

or

Dowload here book and audio:

http://rapidshare.com/files/20677683/IELTS_Practice_Tests_Plus.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/20677675/IELTS_Practice_Tests_Plus_Audio1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/20677672/IELTS_Practice_Tests_Plus_Audio2.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/20677689/IELTS_Practice_Tests_Plus_Audio3.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/20677679/IELTS_Practice_Tests_Plus_Audio4.rar

Password : englishtips.org

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

Cambridge IELTS 2 Student's Book with Answers

دانلود:

Download (0.5 Mb)

Cassete Set:
cassette 1
6.8 MB
cassette 2
6.8 MB
cassette 3
6.8 MB
cassette 4
6.8 MB

یا

Audiobook & PDF zipped

Download

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

Intermediate Grammar Games

Jill Hadfield, "Intermediate Grammar Games (Games & activities series)"
Longman | 2003 | ISBN: 0582429641 | 128 pages | PDF | 6,25 MB

The language syllabus follows the communicative abilities of the students *Suitable for use with any course *Teacher's notes show you how to play each game *Photocopiable rules sheets guide the students

depositfiles.com
uploading.com
mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

Power Drill Grammar Book: 70 Reproducible Lessons

John Kooistra, Alison Kooistra, "Power Drill Grammar Book: 70 Reproducible Lessons"
Full Blast Productions | 2000 | ISBN: 1895451353 | 79 pages | PDF | 4,6 MB

The reproducible, high-energy Power Drill Grammar Book offers 70 lessons on basic grammatical structures, common usage problems, the fundamentals of punctuation, and elementary paragraphing skills. It is intended for use with grammar students in elementary schools and middle schools. There are seven units, and each consists of ten lessons, including a feature lesson called "The Grammar Games." The Power Drill Book aims to combine enjoyment with learning, on the principle that grammar can be the most enjoyable, not the least enjoyable, of a student's (and teacher's!) subjects. What makes The Power Drill Grammar Book unique? It's fun. It's practical. The sample sentences are in step with modern times (computers, video games, etc.). Most importantly, the grammar is simple, clear, up-to-date -- and it's focussed on students' primary needs: error correction of their writing and speech, and expansion of their range of expression.

depositfiles.com
uploading.com
mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

Writing from Within Student's Book

Curtis Kelly, Arlen Gargagliano, "Writing from Within Student's Book"
Cambridge University Press | 2000 | ISBN: 052162682X | 128 pages | PDF | 12,9 MB

Through a range of exciting activities, this text draws on students' world knowledge, beliefs, and personal perceptions to teach organization as well as other aspects of the writing process.
Designed to be suitable for large as well as small classes
Twelve units with self-contained one- or two-page lessons
Later activities in a unit do not require completion of all previous ones, an advantage in classes where students attend irregularly
Brainstorming activities; analysis of models; activities focusing on organization; pre-writing, writing, post-writing (editing and peer feedback) activities in every unit.

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

Ideas into Words: Mastering the Craft of Science Writing

Elise Hancock, Robert Kanigel, "Ideas into Words: Mastering the Craft of Science Writing"
The Johns Hopkins University Press | 2003 | ISBN: 0801873304 | 176 pages | PDF | 1,4 MB

This is a slim book, but it contains a wealth of information. The author, a veteran science writer, tells us pretty much everything we need to know about her demanding field. She discusses finding the story you want to tell, conducting the research, and developing the story structure, and she breaks each down into its component parts. In the chapter titled "Research and Interview," for example, she discusses the proper use of press releases; how to choose your interview subjects (and even what time of day is best to conduct an interview); and the importance of being able to spot when information from one source conflicts with information from another source. Smartly written and constructed, the book is absolutely essential to someone looking to enter this very tough, competitive field. David Pitt

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

1001 Brilliant Writing Ideas: Teaching inspirational story-writing for all ages

Ron Shaw, "1001 Brilliant Writing Ideas: Teaching inspirational story-writing for all ages"
Routledge | 2008 | ISBN:0415447097 | 76 pages | PDF | 1,7 MB

How often do you hear your pupils cry 'what can I write about?'

1001 Brilliant Writing Ideas offers teachers endless ideas and inventive suggestions, opening up new opportunities for creative writing lessons. With over 1000 different story-starters across a vast range of genres and narrative styles, this versatile book provides food for thought for pupils of a wide range of ages and abilities.

This highly practical and richly illustrated photocopiable resource
Addresses the blank mind dilemma, offering pupils a plethora of story-writing ideas and suggestions
Enables teachers to inspire pupils who struggle with creative writing
Provides prompts to set ideas into motion, whilst leaving plenty of scope for original and creative thought
Challenges pupils, encouraging them to use higher level thinking skills
Offers mix and match stimulus pieces which can be used independently or put together to give pupils more or less support as required
Any teacher whose inventiveness is flagging, and whose pupils are running out of ideas, will find this an essential classroom resource.

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

1000 Quick Writing Ideas

Stevan Krajnjan, "1000 Quick Writing Ideas"
Timesavers for Teachers | 2001 | ISBN: 0968970214 | 46 pages | PDF | 1,5 MB

Contains 1,000 practical, relevant, and interesting writing prompts and writing ideas for journal and creative writing activities for anyone, but especially for those students who struggle with inventing their own.

Provides other ready-to-use, practical and visually appealing, reproducible worksheets for your writing program.

Gone are the days of hearing "I can't think of anything to write!"

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/28

One-Letter Words, a Dictionary

Craig Conley, "One-Letter Words, a Dictionary"
HarperCollins | 2005 | ISBN: 0060798734 | 272 pages | PDF | 1 MB

Anyone who thinks the letter "a" alone can mean only one thing is sorely mistaken; Conley, a linguist, editor and textbook coauthor, enumerates at least fifty ways it has been used, including as a representation of "waking consciousness" and as the classification for the lightest weight of sandpaper. Conley, who has compiled several other quirky dictionaries, became a sort of cult hero when he put an early edition of this one online, where it garnered a huge following among people surfing the web for the odd and amusing. For each letter, Conley gives dozens of meanings, which he often supports with citations from literature, science and pop culture. The definitions are arranged in groups like "shapes and sizes," military and "people, places, things," some of which are common to most letters and others that pertain to only one, like "exertions of power," which has two entries under "d." Conley's own explanations are brief; the bulk of the book is taken up by quotations where he found a particular usage, and these come from sources as diverse as Joyce's Ulysses, Winnie-the-Pooh and the American Medical Association. Many of the instances Conley refers to are arcane or technical, and he does a cursory job of explaining the project and justifying his methods, so some entries will leave readers baffled. (Consider "v-bob": "a strong frame shaped like an isosceles triangle, turning on a pivot at its axis, and used as a bell crank to change the direction of a main pump rod.") Even so, anyone fascinated by language (and especially fans of word games like Scrabble) will be thrilled with this unique resource.

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 9 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/27

چهره مرد هنرمند در جوانی

قسمتی از نشست ترجمه و نقد رمان چهره مرد هنرمند در جوانی_ کتاب ماه ادبيات و فلسفه
منوچهر بديعی: در تعريف از ترجمه همواره ذهن مرا به به خود مشغول کرده است، يک تعريف ذوقی و شهودی که می گويد: " ترجمه نگريستن جهان است از نگاه ديگری" اين تعريف بنا به ماهيت خود، شخصی و مبهم است و در عمل شايد چندان به کار نيايد و من فقط آن را گفتم که شايد کسانی باشند که به مذاقشان خوش بيايد. اما تعريف عملی که هميشه راهنمای من بوده است و حد خود را به عنوان مترجم با آن تنظيم کرده ام اين است:" ترجمه بهترين روش خواندن هر نوشته به زبان خارجی است" با اين تعريف مترجم فقط خواننده اثر است، خواننده ای که سعی می کند بهترين روش خواندن به يک زبان خارجی را پيدا کند. بنابراين حد مترجم در توضيح و تفسير و احيانا نقد اثری که ترجمه کرده است بيش از حد يک خواننده نيست و در اين زمينه با ساير خوانندگان حقوق برابر دارد و بنابراين در آنچه می تواند بگويد بايد مراقب باشد که حائل بين اثر و خوانندگان ديگر نشود.
صالح حسينی: برای نشان دادن گوشه ای از وسعت واژگان آقای بديعی، تعدادی عبارات و مفردات کلامی را ذکر می کنم و جند جا هم توضيح مختصری می دهم که اين کار مورد علاقه من است و در فرهنگ برابرهای ادبی هم آورده ام. همين نشان می دهد برخلاف آنچه ايشان گفتند که ترجمه بهترين روش خواندن هر نوشته به زبان خارجی است، از اين بالاتر است:
در برابرfading coal زغال افسرده
در برابرadobe of bliss روضه رضوان
در برابر leave the evil company احتراز کردن از معاشر ناجنس
در برابر wicked companions معاشران ناجنس
در برابر filial piety مهر فرزندی
با توجه به اين شعر حافظ:
الا ای يوسف مصری که کردت سلطنت مغرور
پدر را باز پرس آخر کجا شد مهر فرزندی
در برابر trumpet blast نفخه صور
در برابر turbulence شور و شر
در برابر unrest بی قراری
در برابر veil روبنده
بعد همين " روبنده" وقتی صفت مفعولی شده در veiled autmnal evenings به صورت " شبهای تار پاييزی" درآمده است، بر سرsky که درآمدهveiledsky شده "آسمان مستور"
دربرابر vision of delight خيال نشاط
در برابر darkness winding تاريکی پرپيچ و خم
در برابر senses of soul حواس باطن
در برابر Saint & Sinner عاصی و معصوم
در برابر retreat مراسم اعتکاف- که من در ويراستاری دوبلينی ها " مجلس ذکر و عبادت" گذاشته ام و در ژيل بلاس " گوشه زهد و عزلت" آمده است.
در برابر poor words کلمات قاصر
در برابر path of virtue صراط عفاف
در برابر lost souls نفوس ضاله و همين طور ارواح ضاله
در برابر lovely smell بوی خوش
در برابر intuition گواهی دل

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 18 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/27

Dracula - Oxford Bookworms

In the mountains of Transylvania there is a castle. It is the home of Count Dracula - a dark, lonely place, and at night the wolves howl around the walls. It is 1875 and Jonathan Harker comes from England to do business with the Count. But Jonathan does not feel comfortable at Castle Dracula. Strange things happen at night, and very soon, he begins to feel afraid. And he is right to be afraid, because Count Dracula is one of the Un-Dead - a vampire who drinks the blood of living people.

ULD (For US, DE, ES, UK, FR, RU, UA, IT, CA, NL, AT, CZ, GR, PL)
RS

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 13 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/27

Grammar in Plain English

Harriet Diamond, Phyllis Dutwin, "Grammar in Plain English"
Barron's Educational Series | 1997 | ISBN: 0812096487 | 368 pages | PDF | 1,6 MB

This effective and easy-to-use English grammar brush-up manual is written for adults preparing for the GED, for ESL students preparing for the TOEFL or TOEIC exams, and all others who need to improve their skills in basic English usage. Topics presented and explained include:
The sentence, the simplest complete thought
Adding descriptive words and using them correctly
Rules of agreement between nouns and verbs
Time and sequence of tenses
Balanced sentences to reflect coordinated thoughts
Spelling, capitalization, punctuation
and much more

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 13 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/27

Grammar in Plain English

Harriet Diamond, Phyllis Dutwin, "Grammar in Plain English"
Barron's Educational Series | 1997 | ISBN: 0812096487 | 368 pages | PDF | 1,6 MB

depositfiles.com

uploading.com

mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 13 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/26

سه تار و پيانو

من قانعم،

آن بختِ جاويدان نمي خواهم...

گر مي تواني...

يك نفس با من بمان، اي دوست...

"گوش" كن

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/26

Problem-based Learning and Creativity

Problem-based Learning and Creativity
Cengage Learning Asia | ISBN: 9814253146 | 2008-11-21 | PDF | 264 pages | 3 Mb

Problem-based learning (PBL) is an educational innovation for greater diversity and engagement in learning. PBL diversifies learning by catering for interdisciplinary knowledge application and multiple perspectives in problem solving. It also enhances engagement through more independent learning, peer learning and teamwork in problem solving with possibilities of future learning technologies. This collection on PBL and creativity provides another quantum leap by linking the quest for novelty, creativity and innovation with PBL. One of the key features of the PBL environment is immersion in a problem context. In this volume, we see how such immersion develops not only problem-solving acumen but also insights, intuition and inventive thinking. This volume captures examples and ideas of the interlink of PBL with creative ways of knowing, creative processes, creative learning environments and creative pedagogies.

Download
Mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 14 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/25

Brida

Brida, a young Irish girl, has long been interested in various aspects of magic but is searching for something more. Her search leads her to people of great wisdom. She meets a wise man who dwells in a forest, who teaches her to trust in the goodness of the world, and a woman who teaches her how to dance to the music of the world. As Brida seeks her destiny, she struggles to find a balance between her relationships and her desire to become a witch.

uploading.com

filefactory.com

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 20 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/23

استعمار

برای استعمار یک ملت دو چیز لازم است :اکثریت نادان،اقلیت خائن

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 16 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/21

یک گل سرخ برای امیلی

نوشته فاکنر

ترجمه نجف دریا بندری
وقتی که میس امیلی گریرسن مرد، همه اهل شهر ما به تشییع جنازه اش رفتند. مردها از روی تاثر احترام آمیزی که گویی از فرو ریختن یک بنای یادبود قدیم در خود حس می کردند، و زنها بیشتر از روی کنجکاوی برای تماشای داخل خانه او که جز یک نوکر پیر – که معجونی از آشپز و باغبان بود – دست کم از ده سال به این طرف کسی آنجا را ندیده بود.

حجم 98.63 کیلوبایت

دانلود

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 18 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/21

زندگي و پاك كن

زندگی هنر نقاشی کردنه بدون پاک کنه، سعی کن همیشه طوری زندگی کنی که هیچ وقت حسرت داشتن یک پاک کن رو نخوری

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 17 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/21

Cambridge Pronouncing Dictionary

Posted By : dam_xoa_nic_ong_ha | Date : 09 Jun 2009 16:37 | Comments : 0

Cambridge Pronouncing Dictionary
Publisher: Cambridge University Press; 17 edition (August 14, 2006) | ISBN-10: 0521862302 | 622 pages | 455 MB

The Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary is the ultimate guide to pronunciation in English. Thousands of pronunciations not shown in general dictionaries are included, from people and places, to words from science, technology and literature. Based on the classic work by Daniel Jones, the 17th edition is edited by three of the most distinguished phonetics scholars working today. Now better than ever, the 17th edition includes: * NEW! Up-to-date entries including general vocabulary and people and places in the news (e.g. cybercrime, Condoleezza, Darfur, SARS, weblog) * NEW! Lively study pages help with common areas of difficulty * Clear, accessible layout with 80,000 entries and 220,000 British and North American pronunciations using the International Phonetic Alphabet * 200 information panels that explain phonetics terminology and the relationship between spelling and sound The CD-ROM features the whole paper dictionary plus: * NEW! Spoken North American pronunciations as well as British pronunciations for every word Â- no need to understand phonetics to get the information you need! * Record your own voice and listen back * Search by alphabet or phonetic symbols * Interactive pronunciation exercises

Download Uploading.com (Only these country please: US, DE, ES, UK, FR, RU, UA, IT, CA, NL, AT, CZ, GR, PL)

“

http://uploading.com/files/C3Z1KNTZ/cep.dict.part1.rar.html
http://uploading.com/files/79ZB6SMT/cep.dict.part2.rar.html
http://uploading.com/files/31DR00PP/cep.dict.part3.rar.html
http://uploading.com/files/5CXMHND7/cep.dict.part4.rar.html
http://uploading.com/files/RL6HZ2SL/cep.dict.part5.rar.html

”

Download Hotfile.com (Other countries)

“

http://hotfile.com/dl/5829230/ca40aec/cep.dict.part1.rar.html
http://hotfile.com/dl/5829246/34cb7fd/cep.dict.part2.rar.html
http://hotfile.com/dl/5829263/765af69/cep.dict.part3.rar.html
http://hotfile.com/dl/5829288/6139b99/cep.dict.part4.rar.html
http://hotfile.com/dl/5829294/b1a33c4/cep.dict.part5.rar.html

”

Mirror

“

http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag52cha/n/cep_dict_part1_rar
http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag52ch7/n/cep_dict_part2_rar
http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag52c71/n/cep_dict_part3_rar
http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag52d02/n/cep_dict_part4_rar
http://www.filefactory.com/file/ag52ded/n/cep_dict_part5_rar

”

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/21

David Singleton - Language and the Lexicon: An Introduction

David Singleton - Language and the Lexicon: An Introduction
A Hodder Arnold Publication | 2000 | ISBN: 0340731745 | Pages: 256 | PDF | 12.80 MB

The lexicon is becoming an increasingly popular area of investigation within linguistics and language studies. Language is popularly conceived of in terms of words, and words are also integral to the way in which linguists have traditionally approached language as an object of study. This volume is the first to provide a comprehensive yet accessible overview of lexicology and will prove invaluable to the growing number of students of lexicology who need an interdisciplinary approach to the study of language.

DOWNLOAD

Mirror

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 10 | لینک ثابت •

88/03/20

The Writing Template Book

نوشته شده توسط Http://www.khavari.ir در 15 | لینک ثابت •

مطالب قدیمی‌تر

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/31

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/29

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/28

88/03/27

88/03/27

88/03/27

88/03/27

88/03/26

88/03/26

88/03/25

88/03/23

88/03/21

88/03/21

88/03/21

88/03/21

88/03/20

معرفي كتب زبان انگليسي

منوی اصلی

لينكهای روزانه

آرشیو مطالب

آرشیو موضوعی

لينكها